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Competency
Assessment Tool
Catherine
J. Robbins, MBA, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts;
Elizabeth H. Bradley, Ph.D., Yale School of Public Health, New
Haven, Connecticut; and Maryanne Spicer, MA, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. For more information on this
tool, please contact Ms. Robbins at: crobbins@brandeis.edu.
See issue 46:3 for more information about this tool.
Technical
Skills: Operations
|
Competencies
|
Assessment
|
Action
to Develop this Competency:
|
| |
Example
Work Experience
|
Example
Masters-Level Courses
|
| Demonstrate
ability to use clinical information to understand and solve operational
and financial problems (content, organization and purpose of the
medical record, and flow of other clinical/medical information) |
Z
N B E |
Serve as
a Unit Coordinator or Unit Secretary with transcription responsibilities
Work in
Medical Records Department
Participate
in a Quality Improvement Process
|
Operations
Management Integr. Clinical/Fin. Info. Mgmt. Clinical Concepts |
| Demonstrate
ability to analyze and improve work flow though process analysis
techniques (clinical and non-clinical processes) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in process improvement process (decompose and document business
process; analyze information flows; develop recommendations including
an assessment of options for automation) |
Quality
Management
Operations
Management
|
| Demonstrate
ability to use analysis of expected costs and benefits and other
decision-making techniques to improve decision making under uncertain
circumstances (consider and evaluate options, tease apart problems,
develop probable outcomes, assign costs and benefits) |
Z
N B E |
Design
a new program or service |
Decision
Analysis
Cost-effectiveness
Analysis
|
| Demonstrate
ability to define goals, set objectives and measure performance |
Z
N B E |
Develop
operational plan for a department or service
Create performance
monitoring tool for program or service
|
Thesis
Internship
Quality
Management
|
Technical
Skills: Financial
|
Competencies
|
Assessment
|
Action
to Develop this Competency:
|
| |
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
ability to explain the financial reports of the organization and
underlying financial system flows that create those reports (understand
underlying issues; recognize and assess key indicators of financial
health) |
Z
N B E |
Read,
create, and explain P&L, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow statements |
Financial
Accounting Managerial Accounting Health Care Financial Mgmt. |
| Demonstrate
ability to create a T-Account analysis of organizational process,
which traces accounting entries through general ledger and feeder
systems (e.g., revenue) |
Z
N B E |
Develop
T-Account flow for an operational system |
Financial
Accounting |
| Demonstrate
ability to develop operational revenue and expense budgets and
capital budgets |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in development of operating and capital budgets |
Managerial
Accounting Health Care Financial Mgmt. |
| Demonstrate
understanding of issues of accountability for expense and revenue
management from the departmental perspective |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in process of analysis of budget variances, revised projections
and implementation of corrective action at the departmental level |
Managerial
Accounting
Health Care
Financial Mgmt.
Integrated
Clinical/Fin. Info. Mgmt.
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of concepts for evaluating and managing financial
risk (insurance concepts; population and disease characteristics
and how they influence utilization and risk) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in project to analyze utilization based on claims data for a practice
where PMPM results drive some portion of payment |
Reimbursement
and Managed Care
Principles
of Epidemiology
Integrated
Clinical/ Fin. Info. Mgmt.
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of different payment and reimbursement models and
ability to assess the implications of each (differences by type
of payer and provider type) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in project that improves payment for a clinical service through
charge code and billing system improvement |
Org. and
Financing of HC Systems
Reimbursement
and Managed Care
|
| Demonstrate
an understanding of the ways in which payment methodologies in
payer contracts create incentives for physician and provider behavior
(understand specifics of risk-sharing models and physician/hospital/plan
funds flow) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in contract development or analysis |
Org.
and Financing of HC Systems Reimbursement and Managed Care |
Technical
Skills: Information Systems
| Competencies |
Assessment |
Action
to Develop this Competency: |
|
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
understanding of concepts of case-mix and severity adjustments
and how to apply to health information (management, clinical,
and planning) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in project which includes service line analysis, analysis of nursing
acuity data, working with clinical teams in operational improvement
or benchmarking |
Integr.
Clinical/Fin. Info. Mgmt.
Biostatistics
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of strategies for implementing and networking information
systems across delivery sites |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in implementation of or improvement of systems across multiple
practice sites (e.g., Billing, Clin. Info.) |
Info.
and Tech. Services Management |
| Demonstrate
understanding of the technical (hardware and software) and communication
issues that impact IS staff/user interactions |
Z
N B E |
Shadow micro-computing
staff
Fix an info.
system technical problem
Attend computer
design or installation meetings or participate in process
|
Info.
and Tech. Services Management |
| Demonstrate
proficiency in using the following PC software (Word Processing,
Graphics, Spreadsheet, Database) |
Z
N B E |
Develop
systems to obtain and maintain information needed for project
work |
Data
Management |
| Demonstrate
understanding of information security and the interaction of access
with patient confidentiality |
Z
N B E |
Undertake
a project that uses the Internet to answer a health information
question |
Info.
and Tech. Services Management |
Technical
Skills: Human Resources
| Competencies |
Assessment |
Action
to Develop this Competency: |
|
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
understanding of the legal, financial and cultural importance
of equitable and effective human resource practices and the role
of human resource policies |
Z
N B E |
Read HR
policy manual for the organization and demonstrate understanding
Read about
basic employment law
|
Designing
and Managing Organizations
Managerial
Negotiation
Human Resources
Mgmt.
|
| Demonstrate
ability to perform a job analysis |
Z
N B E |
Complete
a job compensation analysis including a job description and grading
of a job; collect benchmark data through surveying |
Human
Resources Mgmt. |
| Demonstrate
understanding of several compensation models and principals of
benefits management for both professional staff and hospital employees |
Z
N B E |
Complete
analysis of proposed change to compensation or benefit plans |
Human
Resources Mgmt |
| Demonstrate
understanding of employment interviewing standards and legal and
effective interviewing questions |
Z
N B E |
Conduct
an employment interview and receive feedback on its effectiveness |
Human
Resources Mgmt |
| Demonstrate
ability to apply appropriate corrective action and grievance process
and procedures |
Z
N B E |
Read about
grievance procedures
With HR
staff, act as mediator/consultant with employee/supervisor on
employee-relations issue
|
Human Resources
Mgmt.
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of constraints and approaches to managing human
resources in a union environment and ways in which union concerns
influence management in a non-union environment |
Z
N B E |
Read union
contract for the organization
Participate
in negotiating sessions or joint meetings as a scribe/observer
or serve as staff support to evaluate potential organizing effort
|
Human
Resources Mgmt. |
Technical
Skills: Strategic Planning/ External Relations
| Competencies |
Assessment |
Action
to Develop this Competency: |
|
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
understanding of the governance function including structure and
fiduciary responsibility and impact on management decisions (for
both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations) |
Z
N B E |
Attend
Board and Board Committee meetings |
Designing
and Managing Organizations |
| Demonstrate
understanding of marketing approaches in health care and implementation
of a marketing program |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in a market research or market-influencing project |
Marketing
Mgmt in Health Care |
| Demonstrate
ability to evaluate ongoing changes in state and federal health
policy and how they affect provider organizations. Recognize opportunities
to influence and appropriately respond to policy changes |
Z
N B E |
Attend state
or federal hearings about regulation and/or law; read position
papers; attend Hospital Association briefings
Develop
an organizational position paper in response to specific legislation
|
Government
and Health Policy
Policy Analysis
and Health Politics
Health Policy
and Health systems
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of concepts of needs- assessment and market-assessment
for clinical and non-clinical programs as they apply to organizational
decisions and community benefits |
Z
N B E |
Work
in community health center or community-based mental health setting
where community needs drive operational priorities Participate
in community needs assessment for department or service |
Principles
of Epidemiology
Social/Behav.
Influences on Hlth
Biostatistics
Methods
in Health Services Research
Social/Behav.
Determinants of Health
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of the elements of a strategic planning process
(anticipating opportunities, articulating and evaluating alternative
strategies, making recommendations on strategic choices or programmatic
initiatives) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in a project that involves strategic planning, facilities planning,
or new programs development
Provide
staff support for management retreats
|
Strategic
Planning in Health Care |
Industry
Knowledge: Clinical Process and Health Care Institutions
| Competencies |
Assessment |
Action
to Develop this Competency: |
|
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
understanding of the continuum of care primary through quartinary
and differences in organization and management of sites of care
(e.g., community practice site, community hospital, teaching hospital,
sub-acute facility) |
Z
N B E |
Exposure
to inpatient and outpatient care delivery at an academic center,
acute hospital, psychiatric, rehabilitation, long-term care
and home care site
One month
working at community practice site
Work with
hospital-based case management group
|
Organiz./Financing
of HC System Internship |
| Demonstrate
understanding of how departments within a large organization fit
into the overall organizational structure and the dynamics that
influence their effectiveness |
Z
N B E |
Work
at the departmental level in an area, which provides exposure
to interactions with the rest of the organization. Recommend changes
to existing process which demonstrate understanding of interactions
in the organization |
Organiz./Financing
of HC System Internship |
| Demonstrate
understanding of roles of key providers (MDs, housestaff, RNs,
Social Workers, Other Therapies, unit secretaries, environmental
assist., etc.) in clinical delivery settings (education, training,
licensure requirements, board certification, reporting relationships
or influences, and discipline-specific philosophy of care) |
Z
N B E |
Observe
on patient care units of hospital; attend rounds on unit
Perform
as Unit Secretary or Unit Manager
Shadow key
roles
Spend a
week with resident physicians in training
|
Organiz./Financing
of HC System Internship
Clinical
Concepts
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of the legal and regulatory responsibilities, limitations,
and implications of actions within the health care delivery system
(including OSHA and JCHO) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in preparation for or response to planned/unannounced regulatory
or accrediting survey or investigation
Meet with
medico-legal staff; attend Administrator-on-call meetings
Staff a
licensing or Determination of Need Project
|
Health Care
Law
Government
and Health Policy
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of accepted ethical management practices within
the health care environment. |
Z
N B E |
Attend/provide
staff support for clinical ethics committee; attend Institutional
Review Board meetings; work on compliance-related project |
Internship
Medical
Ethics
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of basic and applied research process in academic
medical centers (funding cycle, grant process, overhead calculations,
the role of a Chief of Service in academic vs. clinical capacity)
|
Z
N B E |
Attend
meetings of hospital-based academic department where clinical/research
issues are addressed (e.g. Radiology) |
|
| Demonstrate
understanding of the role of an academic medical center in graduate
and undergraduate medical education including knowledge of GME
funding |
Z
N B E |
Attend Grand
Rounds
Attend Committee
on Teaching
Spend some
time with a Chief of Service
|
Health
Policy and Health Systems |
Analytic
and Conceptual Reasoning
| Competencies |
Assessment |
Action
to Develop this Competency: |
|
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
ability to identify, anticipate, and respond to paradigm shifts
within the market or policy environment, which influence the delivery
and financing of health care |
Z
N B E |
Take primary
responsibility to identify future trends relevant to a department,
process, or area and incorporate into a change process
Make sure
every project completed has considered at least one outside
trend
|
Policy Analysis
and Health Politics
Health Policy
and Health Systems
Managing
Strategic Change
|
| Demonstrate
ability to create and gain organizational support for a strategic
plan which integrates elements of market, facilities, and programs
|
Z
N B E |
Project
work in Planning Department |
Managing
Strategic Change |
| Demonstrate
ability to complete a business plan, which includes financial
and operational analysis (shows an understanding of the fundamental
question; defines information needs and identifies sources of
institutional data, incorporates concepts of return on investment
and internal rate of return) |
Z
N B E |
Take
primary responsibility for developing and completing a business
plan (includes written and verbal presentation) |
Thesis
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
management actions or recommendations that show understanding
of the cultural complexity of diversity in the workforce and patient
population |
Z
N B E |
Attend diversity
training workshop
Work in
Interpreter's Office
|
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
ability to support management decisions with financial and operational
information that is appropriate to the decision to be made |
Z
N B E |
Facilitate
an operations improvement effort |
Decision
Analysis Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Managerial
Accounting
|
Interpersonal
and Emotional Intelligence
| Competencies |
Assessment |
Action
to Develop this Competency: |
|
Example
Work Experiences |
Example
Masters-Level Courses |
| Demonstrate
ability to manage a project (complete within timeframes, ability
to manage individual and group behavior, move forward despite
uncertainty) |
Z
N B E |
Maintain
full responsibility for completing a project or implementing a
significant change, which involves coordination among multiple
stakeholders |
Integrative
Mgmt Seminar
Thesis
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
ability to be an effective team leader and member (partnering,
coaching, sharing of information, influencing ,willingness to
put team interest ahead of self-interest) |
Z
N B E |
Serve as
leader of a team or group or supervise staff, facilitate a meeting,
and develop agendas
Staff a
committee (JCAHO steering, ethics, etc)
Lead a journal
club discussion
|
Leadership
and Teams
Integrative
Mgmt.
Seminar
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
proficiency in managing relationships by interacting with physicians
and other key caregivers to accomplish objectives (exhibit empathy,
consultation, listening, persuasion) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in negotiations with physician groups; participate in a team
to improve a clinical process
Provide
project support/or work in Professional (physician) Organization
|
Internship |
| Demonstrate
action-orientation and managerial courage through ability to solve
problems in a crisis (take appropriate calculated risks) |
Z
N B E |
Front-line
experience where unexpected problems arise that must be quickly
solved
Participate
in and critique a disaster drill
Take administrative
call
|
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
ability to give effective verbal presentation (clear, concise,
uses visual aids effectively, uses humor, content and tone exhibit
empathy with audience) |
Z
N B E |
Develop,
manage, and deliver oral presentations to various groups |
Integrative
Mgmt. Seminar
Internship
Thesis
|
| Prepare
a variety of written business communications that are judged effective
(Persuasive, informational, content and style of writing tailored
to interests of audience, executive summary concise and effective)
|
Z
N B E |
Write informal
business memoranda, minutes, reports, planning documents and
policies including executive summaries.
Ask for
feedback and retain
Prepare
timely written rotation report
|
Integrative
Mgmt. Seminar
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
effective personal time management (priority-setting, delegation,
ability to see what is "good enough") |
Z
N B E |
Demonstrate
ability to balance a number of ongoing activities through to
completion
Lead a time-limited
work group
|
Thesis
Internship
|
| Demonstrate
ability to coach and develop others: assess strengths and development
needs well and give appropriate feedback |
Z
N B E |
Document
opportunities with peers or within teams and personal actions
taken; develop a "consciousness" about mentoring and being mentored
|
Leadership
and Teams
Managerial
Negotiating
|
| Demonstrate
self-awareness by knowing personal strengths and weaknesses and
appropriately asking for help |
Z
N B E |
Complete
log diary for self-assessment on a project/rotational experience
and review with project manager, preceptor, and/or program leader
Develop
a habit of soliciting feedback which can continue for a lifetime
|
Leadership
and Teams |
| Demonstrate
self-regulation as it applies to ability to act within ethical
guidelines and in a professional manner in accordance with laws,
regulations, policies, and legislated rights of clients |
Z
N B E |
Show
skill in managing confidential patient information in patient
advocacy or practice sites |
Thesis |
| Demonstrate
a motivation to achieve (passion for the work itself, seeking
out creative challenges, love of learning, pride in job well done)
|
Z
N B E |
Show
initiative in seeking additional experience outside of formal
rotations |
|
| Demonstrate
loyalty to colleagues and the organization by balancing individual
interests with commitment to mission of the organization and societal
benefit |
Z
N B E |
Solicit
direct feedback from preceptors |
|
| Demonstrate
ability to apply key concepts of negotiating process (listening,
building relationships, common sense, flexible) |
Z
N B E |
Participate
in a negotiating process for a contract (vendors, payers, employment
services) |
Managerial
Negotiating |
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