| |
|
|
1992
|
1997
|
| |
|
|
Black
|
White
|
Black
|
White
|
Hispanic
|
Asian
|
| Support |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Minority managers
generally receive more support from the employees they supervise
than do white managers. |
|
Agree |
7
|
2**
|
10
|
4
|
15
|
5*
|
| |
Neutral |
34
|
48
|
36
|
48
|
38
|
46
|
| |
Disagree |
59
|
50
|
54
|
48
|
47
|
49
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(162)
|
(273)
|
(203)
|
(188)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Minority managers
generally receive more support from their supervisors than do whites
managers. |
|
Agree |
3
|
6***
|
6
|
9
|
1
|
0***
|
| |
Neutral |
14
|
40
|
11
|
30
|
22
|
38
|
| |
Disagree |
83
|
54
|
83
|
61
|
77
|
62
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(273)
|
(200)
|
(188)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| The evaluation
of both Whites and minorities are equally thorough and carefully
evaluated. |
|
Agree |
11
|
61***
|
14
|
58
|
43
|
46***
|
| |
Neutral |
23
|
32
|
25
|
31
|
31
|
32
|
| |
Disagree |
66
|
7
|
61
|
11
|
26
|
22
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(273)
|
(202)
|
(188)
|
(80)
|
(37)
|
| White managers
share vital growth and career related information with minority
managers. |
|
Agree |
7
|
47***
|
8
|
41
|
20
|
38***
|
| |
Neutral |
28
|
44
|
18
|
47
|
44
|
43
|
| |
Disagree |
65
|
9
|
73
|
12
|
36
|
19
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(162)
|
(272)
|
(203)
|
(188)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| The quality of
relationships between minority and white managers could be improved.
|
|
Agree |
92
|
40***
|
84
|
43
|
63
|
57***
|
| |
Neutral |
7
|
41
|
12
|
38
|
26
|
22
|
| |
Disagree |
1
|
19
|
3
|
20
|
11
|
22
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%1
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(273)
|
(203)
|
(188)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| The quality of
relationships between minorities from different racial/ethnic groups
could be improved. |
|
Agree |
NA
|
NA
|
87
|
53
|
66
|
78***
|
| |
Neutral |
|
|
11
|
35
|
26
|
5
|
| |
Disagree |
|
|
2
|
12
|
8
|
16
|
| |
|
|
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%1
|
| n |
|
|
|
(203)
|
(187)
|
(80)
|
(37)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| In the healthcare
industry White managers have greater opportunities to advance than
minority managers. |
|
Agree |
95
|
42***
|
93
|
34
|
68
|
51***
|
| |
Neutral |
2
|
24
|
4
|
23
|
16
|
19
|
| |
Disagree |
2
|
34
|
3
|
43
|
16
|
30
|
| |
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(274)
|
(203)
|
(188)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| There are limited
opportunities for minority managers to advance in their careers.
|
|
Agree |
73
|
16***
|
70
|
14
|
42
|
30***
|
| |
Neutral |
14
|
23
|
12
|
22
|
23
|
13
|
| |
Disagree |
13
|
61
|
18
|
64
|
35
|
57
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(272)
|
(202)
|
(187)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| Minority managers
are more often role models in their communities than are White managers.
|
|
Agree |
65
|
37***
|
56
|
37
|
60
|
43***
|
| |
Neutral |
28
|
36
|
34
|
35
|
20
|
38
|
| |
Disagree |
7
|
28
|
10
|
27
|
20
|
19
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(162)
|
(272)
|
(202)
|
(186)
|
(81)
|
(37)
|
| Would recommend
a career in healthcare management
to a young person. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
86%
|
88%
|
88%
|
85%
|
91%
|
89%
|
| n |
|
(161)
|
(281)
|
(203)
|
(192)
|
(82)
|
(38)
|
| |
|
|
1992
|
1997
|
| |
|
|
Black
|
White
|
Black
|
White
|
Hispanic
|
Asian
|
| Support |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Minority managers
generally receive more support from the employees they supervise
than do white managers. |
|
Agree |
12
|
2***
|
11
|
4
|
10
|
4
|
| |
Neutral |
37
|
42
|
40
|
49
|
40
|
47
|
| |
Disagree |
51
|
56
|
49
|
47
|
50
|
49
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(237)
|
(167)
|
(195)
|
(138)
|
(73)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Minority managers
generally receive more support from their supervisors than do whites
managers. |
|
Agree |
4
|
6***
|
6
|
8
|
5
|
4***
|
| |
Neutral |
14
|
44
|
20
|
45
|
27
|
27
|
| |
Disagree |
82
|
50
|
74
|
47
|
68
|
69
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(240)
|
(168)
|
(196)
|
(139)
|
(74)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| The evaluation
of both Whites and minorities are equally thorough and carefully
evaluated. |
|
Agree |
16
|
69***
|
22
|
68
|
45
|
48***
|
| |
Neutral |
20
|
25
|
30
|
23
|
34
|
36
|
| |
Disagree |
64
|
6
|
48
|
10
|
21
|
16
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(240)
|
(168)
|
(195)
|
(139)
|
(73)
|
| White managers
share vital growth and career related information with minority
managers. |
|
Agree |
10
|
50***
|
15
|
52
|
32
|
36***
|
| |
Neutral |
18
|
43
|
30
|
42
|
37
|
38
|
| |
Disagree |
72
|
8
|
55
|
6
|
32
|
26
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(240)
|
(168)
|
(194)
|
(139)
|
(73)
|
| The quality of
relationships between minority and white managers could be improved.
|
|
Agree |
92
|
39***
|
89
|
46
|
71
|
66***
|
| |
Neutral |
7
|
47
|
9
|
38
|
20
|
26
|
| |
Disagree |
1
|
14
|
2
|
16
|
9
|
8
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(162)
|
(239)
|
(168)
|
(195)
|
(139)
|
(73)
|
| The quality of
relationships between minorities from different racial/ethnic groups
could be improved. |
|
Agree |
NA
|
NA
|
88
|
55
|
77
|
69***
|
| |
Neutral |
|
|
8
|
33
|
18
|
27
|
| |
Disagree |
|
|
4
|
11
|
5
|
4
|
| |
|
|
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
| N |
|
|
|
(168)
|
(195)
|
(138)
|
(74)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| In the healthcare
industry White managers have greater opportunities to advance than
minority managers. |
|
Agree |
96
|
44***
|
90
|
30
|
61
|
69***
|
| |
Neutral |
1
|
22
|
8
|
26
|
16
|
16
|
| |
Disagree |
2
|
34
|
2
|
44
|
23
|
15
|
| |
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| N |
|
(162)
|
(240)
|
(168)
|
(194)
|
(138)
|
(74)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| There are limited
opportunities for minority managers to advance in their careers.
|
|
Agree |
75
|
22***
|
64
|
9
|
39
|
44***
|
| |
Neutral |
9
|
21
|
13
|
25
|
19
|
22
|
| |
Disagree |
16
|
58
|
23
|
66
|
42
|
34
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%1
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(161)
|
(240)
|
(168)
|
(195)
|
(139)
|
(74)
|
| Minority managers
are more often role models in their communities than are White managers.
|
|
Agree |
66
|
30***
|
59
|
26
|
54
|
39***
|
| |
Neutral |
24
|
38
|
29
|
36
|
22
|
39
|
| |
Disagree |
10
|
32
|
12
|
38
|
24
|
22
|
| |
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
| n |
|
(163)
|
(239)
|
(167)
|
(196)
|
(139)
|
(74)
|
| Would recommend
a career in healthcare management
to a young person. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
88%
|
82%
|
93%
|
88%
|
93%
|
85%
|
| n |
|
(165)
|
(242)
|
(174)
|
(198)
|
(147)
|
(75)
|